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Create spring custom namespace and tag
Updated Nov 21, 2012 by jht5...@gmail.com

Spring自定义标签

Spring自定义标签的原理

XML通常通过DTD、XSD定义,但DTD的表达能力较弱,XSD定义则能力比较强,能够定义类型,出现次数等。自定义标签需要XSD支持,在实现时使用Namespace扩展来支持自定义标签。

当你在苦逼的写下面的代码时:

    <bean id="beanId" class="com.xxx.xxxx.Xxxxx">
        <property name="property1">
            <value>XXXX</value>
        </property>
        <property name="property2">
            <value>XXXX</value>
        </property>
    </bean>

是不是会羡慕这样写代码呢?

    <xxx:xxxx id="beanId"/>

Spring通过XML解析程序将其解析为DOM树,通过NamespaceHandler指定对应的Namespace的BeanDefinitionParser将其转换成BeanDefinition。再通过Spring自身的功能对BeanDefinition实例化对象。

在期间,Spring还会加载两项资料:

  • META-INF/spring.handlers
    指定NamespaceHandler(实现org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.NamespaceHandler)接口,或使用org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.NamespaceHandlerSupport的子类。
  • META-INF/spring.schemas
    在解析XML文件时将XSD重定向到本地文件,避免在解析XML文件时需要上网下载XSD文件。通过现实org.xml.sax.EntityResolver接口来实现该功能。

制作自定义的标签

spring.handlers:

http\://test.hatter.me/schema/test=me.hatter.test.TestNamespaceHandler

spring.schemas:

http\://test.hatter.me/schema/test/test.xsd=META-INF/test.xsd

test.xsd:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<xsd:schema xmlns="http://test.hatter.me/schema/test"
	xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
	targetNamespace="http://test.hatter.me/schema/test">

	<xsd:element name="custom" type="customType">
	</xsd:element>
	
	<xsd:complexType name="customType">
		<xsd:attribute name="id" type="xsd:ID">
		</xsd:attribute>
		<xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string">
		</xsd:attribute>
	</xsd:complexType>

</xsd:schema>

me.hatter.test.TestNamespaceHandler:

package me.hatter.test;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.NamespaceHandlerSupport;

public class TestNamespaceHandler extends NamespaceHandlerSupport {

    public void init() {
        registerBeanDefinitionParser("custom", new TestCustomBeanDefinitionParser());
    }
}

me.hatter.test.TestCustomBeanDefinitionParser:

package me.hatter.test;

import me.hatter.test.bean.TestBean;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParser;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.ParserContext;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;

public class TestCustomBeanDefinitionParser implements BeanDefinitionParser {

    public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {

        String id = element.getAttribute("id");
        String name = element.getAttribute("name");

        RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition();
        beanDefinition.setBeanClass(TestBean.class);
        beanDefinition.getPropertyValues().addPropertyValue("name", name);
        parserContext.getRegistry().registerBeanDefinition(id, beanDefinition);

        return beanDefinition;
    }
}

测试代码

test.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:test="http://test.hatter.me/schema/test"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
        http://test.hatter.me/schema/test http://test.hatter.me/schema/test/test.xsd">
	
	<test:custom id="testCustom" name="this is a test custom tag" />
</beans>

me.hatter.test.main.Main:

package me.hatter.test.main;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String xml = "classpath:me/hatter/test/main/test.xml";
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { xml });
        System.out.println(context.getBean("testCustom"));
    }
}

上例输出为:

TestBean [name=this is a test custom tag]

测试代码地址

svn co https://hatter-source-code.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/tests/springcustomtag